The Management Of Healthcare Waste - 1989 Words

Introduction The management of Healthcare waste (HCW) has continued to generate increasing public interest due to the health problems associated with human exposure to potentially hazardous wastes arising from healthcare (Tudor et al., 2005; Ferreira, 2003; Da Silver et al., 2005). Presently a considerable gap exists with regard to the assessment of healthcare waste management practices in several other countries in Sub–Saharan Africa, â€Å"healthcare waste management continues to present an array of challenges for developing countries† (Magashula 2008:226) What is healthcare waste? Healthcare waste can be defined as a â€Å"solid or liquid waste arising from healthcare, whereby ‘healthcare’ are medical activities such as diagnosis, monitoring, treatment, prevention of disease or alleviation of handicap in humans or animals, including related research, performed under the supervision of a medical practitioner or veterinary surgeon† European Union Healthcare Waste Priority cited in (Rushbrook 1999; 137), healthcare waste may be organic or inorganic waste (Kumie Tadesse, 2014) Medical institutions such as hospitals, clinics and doctors’ surgery rooms undertake numerous types of medical assessments and procedures on a daily basis; however some Infectious waste can also produced in maternity homes and research institutes (Kumar, et al., 2015). Healthcare waste is not only generated from the above mentioned institutions it now embodies a far larger range of sources than in theShow MoreRelatedThe Sustainable Management Of Healthcare Waste1852 Words   |  8 Pages The sustainable management of Healthcare Waste (HCW) has continued to generate increasing public interest due to the health problems associated with human exposure to potentially hazardous wastes arising from healthcare (Tudor et al., 2005; Ferreira, 2003; Da Silver et al., 2005).Presently a considerable gap exists with regard to the assessment of healthcare waste management practices in several other countries in Sub–Saharan Africa. The nature and quantity of healthcare waste generated as wellRead MoreRisk Management Success1448 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Risk Management Programs: Maintaining Success John Smith HLT-308V-O101 July 10th 2014 Prof. Morgan Risk Management Programs: Maintaining Success The paper is intended to inform the reader of the steps that a risk management program should take in order to ensure that safety and security are upheld. The security and protection of information is more difficult than ever before due to the expanse of technology that is used in the world. Information can be hacked in to and utilized for fraudulentRead MoreImproving The Strategic Goals Of An Organization1621 Words   |  7 Pagesthey become pricey. This paper will focus on adopting Lean in healthcare delivering as well as identifying key stakeholders for its implementation and management process. Adoption of Lean in Healthcare Given the passionate public interest in improving the quality, efficiency and value of healthcare delivery systems as well as reducing costs, implementation of Lean techniques and tools can serve as a breakthrough solution for healthcare organizations. Over the years, Lean has been a powerful toolRead MoreLean Thinking and Six Sigma1343 Words   |  5 Pageseliminate waste that was first introduced in 1987. At the beginning, Lean describes production methods and product development, when compare to traditional mass production processes, which produce more with higher quality and in a short time. The Lean’s goal is to develop a way to specify value, line up value to create value in the best sequences, conduct these activities without interruption and perform them more effectively (Womack and Jones 2013). Lean Thinking helps the removal of waste and anythingRead MoreLean Thinking1076 Words   |  5 Pagesindividuals by decreasing waste and delays† (Feeney, 2015). The purpose of this systematic approach was to change the establishments thought process and value, which would eventually lead to the conversion of the establishment culture and behavior over a period of time. It put emphasis on the consideration of the client’s needs, staff participation and constant enhancement. It may be used as a means of â€Å"identifying and eliminating â€Å"non-value add† actions and activities to decrease â€Å"waste† and afford enhancedRead MoreThe Disposal Methods Of Medical, Electronic, And Hazardous Waste979 Words   |  4 Pagesimportance of managing waste disposal. Waste disposal refers to the proper recycling and jettison of discarded or discharged material. There are different methods of handling unwanted products that have reached their end-of-life. Logistics p lays an important role in the disposal of these materials. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore the disposal methods of medical, electronic, and hazardous waste. On average there are over 3.5 million tons of medical waste generated per year by theRead MoreThe Impact Of Data Mining On The Healthcare Industry1451 Words   |  6 PagesData mining is used in various forms by different agencies. Detecting fraud and abuse is one of the benefits of the use of data mining. The healthcare industry is big and one of the biggest payers is CMS. However, detecting fraud and abuse in healthcare claims is crucial because billions of money is being wasted in unnecessary care. Data mining is defined as the process of data selection and studying and building models using massive data stores to disclose previously unidentified patterns in databasesRead MoreThe Affordable Care Act ( Aca )1417 Words   |  6 Pages The introduction of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) changed the incentives involved in the healthcare delivery system by shifting financial risk to providers in reimbursement methods such as capitation. Healthcare organizations with large Medicaid populations face multiple battles based on this principle. The increasing battle to stay financially viable in a world of decreasing reimbursements is arguably the most important. This issue has faced every organization since the ACA was introduced. OrganizationsRead MoreThe Healthcare System Of Japan928 Words   |  4 Pages3. About what kind of risks -- financial, political, social, economic and environmental -- should you specifically warn your client? The healthcare system of Japan has extreme financial problems because of the cost of new medical technology, a quickly aging society, and long hospitalization time for patients. The elderly of Japan’s population is causing severe problems for the country’s finances. The elderly population has a major affect of Japan’s health care finances. Also according to NicolausRead MoreManaging Service Delivery Individual Final Assessment Essay1563 Words   |  7 Pagesbureaucracy in management (Parasuraman et al, 1985). Eg. Customers in a particular hospital wanted a streamlined process in receiving care, the management believes that each customer must undergo a series of steps in giving service to their customer to receive quality of care. Solution: Management must continually seek feedback from customers on how to improve processes in providing care. The must be always aware on how to satisfy customers’ need in every service touchpoints. Gap2: Management perceptions

Essay Causes Of The War Of 1812 - 1739 Words

Causes of the War of 1812 The War of 1812 was fought between the United States and Great Britain from June 1812 to the spring of 1815 (Findling, 15). When the war began, it was being fought by the Americans to address their grievances toward the British, though toward the end, the issues eventually were unjustified and reasons manipulated. There is no single cause for the War of 1812 but instead, several related causes, such the influence of the War Hawks, the impressments as well as the Embargo and Non-Intercourse acts, and the Britishs possible interference with the Indian Nations, and land ownership disputes between the Natives and Americans, ultimately leading to the Battle of Tippecanoe. The War Hawks were a group of 20†¦show more content†¦The Hawks were confident that Britain would yield to US demands if it saw America considering military battle. Any way, Britain was already involved with the Napoleonic Wars in Europe, thus being short on money and men. Ultimately, t he War Hawks convinced majority of congress to vote in favor of this Second Struggle for Liberty. Though a few rebellious congressmen fought over little details, everyone agreed that it wasnt realistic to expect a peaceful and diplomatic conclusion to the constant divergence with Britain. In the early 19th century, Britain and France were engaged in a life-or-death struggle. After much war through the years, France dominated a lot of Europe, though Britain was the ruler of the seas. When it became obvious that neither side was likely to win a decisive military contest, the warring nations turned to commercial warfare: Britain tried to blockade all of Europe, and France attempted to prevent the sale of British goods in their possession(http://gatewayno.com/history/War1812.html, War of 1812). During the 1790s, French and British maritime policies produced several crises with the United States, but after 1803 the difficulties became much more serious. In November of 1807, Britain issue d a trade regulation called an Order in Council, which compelled all neutral ships to either call at British ports or be subject to a search by British authorities. A month later, Napoleon decreedShow MoreRelatedWar of 1812 Causes969 Words   |  4 Pageswas finally acted out when President Madison declared war on Great Britain on June 14, 1812, thus beginning the War of 1812. The Unites States was tired of getting harassed on the seas, had a strong will to expand, and felt too much pride to let Great Britain get away with everything they had done. Three causes of the War of 1812 were maritime problems, Manifest Destiny, and national pride. One of the three main causes of the War of 1812 was maritime problems between the United States and GreatRead MoreCause Of The War Of 18121643 Words   |  7 PagesCauses of the War of 1812 Introduction Horsman pg 14 It is easier to show why America should have gone to war in 1807 or 1809 rather than in 1812 Pg 18 It was not the achievement of independence but the outbreak of war between England and France in 1793 that ultimately lead to the war of 1812 Pg 24 Threat of Invasion England went back to war with france in 1803. Napoleon was determined to defeat England on her own soil and never again until the summer of 1940 was England so near invasion andRead MoreCauses of the War of 18121830 Words   |  8 PagesCauses of the War of 1812 The War of 1812 was fought between the United States and Great Britain from June 1812 to the spring of 1815 (Findling, 15). When the war began, it was being fought by the Americans to address their grievances toward the British, though toward the end, the issues eventually were unjustified and reasons manipulated. There is no single cause for the War of 1812 but instead, several related causes, such the influence of the War Hawks, the impressments as well as the EmbargoRead MoreThe Causes And Consequences Of The War 1812 Essay1996 Words   |  8 PagesDescribe and explain the causes and consequences of the war 1812. How did the war affect American Indians, the Federalist Party, and the relationship between in the United States and Great Britain? East didn’t support the war of 1812 because it would hurt trading, although it supported Britain but not France. In the other hand, the South and West support it because the west wanted Canada and South wanted Florida. Afterwards, President Madison declares War in 1812. This war began because of BritishRead MoreCauses and Effects of the War of 18121527 Words   |  7 PagesCauses and Effects of The War of 1812 The nineteenth century brought major change to The United States turning it from a developing country into a world power. The addition of Alaska, Oregon, Texas, and Florida, the Mexican Cession and The Louisiana Purchase made The United States a world power. The War of 1812 catalyzed this great expansion. There were four main concerns that led to The War of 1812. Maritime and trade issues, the Embargo Act, territorial expansion, and War Hawks. Although theyRead MoreCause And Effects Of The War Of 18121061 Words   |  5 PagesEdgar Vasquez Mr. Gill AP USH 9 October 2017 War of 1812 The War of 1812 is one of many wars that the USA will go through. The war is the first war that the new America would take part of and will be the first time the USA will declare war. The war lasted from June of 1813 to February of 1815, this is a span of two years and eight months. The war was fought by the United State verses the British. The war took place in many locations around the world which include the United States, Canada, onRead MoreWar of 18121643 Words   |  7 PagesThe War of 1812 was a war between Britain and the United States fought primarily in Upper Canada. It had many causes, few which involved British North America. The results of the war include the fact that there was no clear winner or loser among them. The only real losers in the situation were the Natives in the region. They were driven out of their lands and customs. None of the borders was changed by the war, though many attempts were made. The Treaty of Ghent, which ended the war, did nothingRead MoreWhy we Fought in the War of 1812 Essay1102 Words   |  5 PagesWhy we Fought in the War of The war of 1812 is considered by some as the second war for independence.1 The United States had won its independence in 1783, but the British still treated the Americans as though they still had control of them. Americans resented the treatment they received from the British. They felt they were a free country and the British would not recognize them as so. This is believed by many to be the cause of the War of 1812, but no one act can be contributed as such. ThereRead More War of 1812 Essay1612 Words   |  7 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The War of 1812 was a war between Britain and the United States fought primarily in Upper Canada. It had many causes, few which involved British North America. The results of the war include the fact that there was no clear winner or loser among them. The only real losers in the situation were the Natives in the region. They were driven out of their lands and customs. None of the borders was changed by the war, though many attempts were made. Th e Treaty of Ghent, which ended the war, did nothingRead MoreThe War of 18121132 Words   |  4 PagesWar of 1812 The War of 1812 was started by America due to British encroachment on three fronts, trade restrictions imposed by the British, the increasing alliances of the British with Indian tribes blocking American expansion West, and due to British interference with merchant class ships in the Atlantic. The war was fought in the Great Lakes region between America and Canada, near New Orleans in the Gulf of Mexico, in the Atlantic trade routes, and around Washington DC. The British had always

The Myth of Atalanta Free Essays

â€Å"The Myth of Atalanta† What is the price of love and happiness? Atalanta is a beautiful woman who was nursed by a she-bear during her earliest years. Then she was raised by a couple of hunters, including Artemis, the goddess of the hunt. As a result, Atalanta grew up in the wilderness to be a very skilled hunter. We will write a custom essay sample on The Myth of Atalanta or any similar topic only for you Order Now Atalanta was destined to be alone and celibate, until Milanion a young man that hated women fell in love with her. He began the chase even though others had lost their lives doing so. Atalanta was a skilled hunter and runner, so she challenged the best and bravest of the town’s men to compete against her. It was said that she could outrace any man. She even wanted to join the party that searched for the Golden Fleece but was denied the opportunity because of her beauty. Beautiful women were considered a distraction to men. This is to say that where men and women are together there is also great tension growing and the work that needs to be done may not be accomplished. This is not necessarily because of anything the woman has done. It is simply because of her presence and the attention that each man thinks he must devote to her in order to protect her from the other men. Atalanta was capable of taking care of herself because she was a skilled wrestler. On one occasion she fought and defeated the town’s hero and no man wants to be known as the one that was beaten down by a woman. After being denied the opportunity to hunt for the Golden Fleece, she took part in another hunt -the hunt for the Calydonian Boar. It is here she met and fell in love with the Prince of Calydonia. And it was during this hunting season the beautiful Atalanta became pregnant. However, before she could have the baby the Prince died. There is no evidence to support this theory but it seem that the Princes was careless and distracted by the woman that he loved. It may have cost him his life and because of this she secretly gave birth to a baby boy and left the baby on the mountain. The loss of her lover caused her to live a life of celibacy but men still found her very attractive. They were willing to give their lives to make her their wife. Suitors had to contend for her love and the task was not easy. The cost of failure was one’s life and many a man had lost his life for her. Still, that did not stop others from trying. Is love really worth dying for? We can look to Jesus for the answer. For, Jesus left his home -a place where, according the bible, every living being bows down in His presence and cries â€Å"Holy, Holy, Holy, Lord God Almighty,† -in order to come into this sin-filled world (King James Bible, Revelations 4:8) . He came to die for you and me just because He loves us with an everlasting love. Milanion saw her beauty and was mystified by it during their frequent visits and hunts together. He began to notice her and became more and more attracted by her beauty. He drew himself closer to her every chance he got and even to the point of carrying her hunting nets. Milanion once placed himself in the way of an unwanted suitor. That suitor became angry and tried to hurt Atalanta. Milanion was badly hurt so Atalanta killed the villain then nursed Milanion back to health. Meanwhile, Atalanta began falling in love with Milanion. Love, however, would not come cheap for them because Milanion had to face the same challenge as all the other suitors just so that all could see that her love could only be won by her one true lover. As it states in the bible, â€Å"In a race all run but only one wins† (Bible, Romans 9:24). Milanion prayed for help and it was given to him. He came to the race prepared and during the race he followed the instructions given to him by XXXX. Atalanta, however, was just like Eve. She forgot the warnings given to her and succumbed to the lust of the flesh. Also like Eve, she picked the fruit and did not give thanks, and so was cursed to be an animal for the rest of her life. Conclusion: Atalanta a beautiful woman nursed by a she bear and raised by hunters was a skilled hunter, wrestler, and runner. She fell in love with the Calydonian prince but lost him while they were both still very young. Having been warned of what marriage would mean for her, she decided to live a life of celibacy. Unfortunately, her beauty attracted many men and she fended them off by challenging them to a foot race that would cost them their lives if they lost. In the end she willingly lost the race to a man that she herself was in love with and was eventually turned into an animal along with her lover. Work Cited Rom 9:24 KJV Bible Rev 4:8 KJV Bible ————————————————- How do you reference a web page that lists no author? ————————————————- How do you reference a web page that lists no author? When there is no author for a web page, the title moves to the first position of the reference entry: Example: New child vaccine gets funding boost. (2001). Retrieved March 21, 2001, from http://news. ninemsn. com. au/health/story_13178. asp Cite in text the first few words of the reference list entry (usually the title) and the year. Use double quotation marks around the title or abbreviated title. : (â€Å"New Child Vaccine,† 2001). Note: Use the full title of the web page if it is short for the parenthetical citation. Articles found on the web, like the example above, are not italicized in the reference entry and are not italicized but enclosed in quotations in the in-text citation, just like a newspaper or magazine article. Reports found on the web would be italicized in the reference list, as in Publication Manual (6th ed. ) Examples 31, 32, and 33 on pp. 205–206. They would also be italicized in the in-text citation, just like a book. (adapted from the sixth edition of the APA Publication Manual,  © 2010) How to cite The Myth of Atalanta, Papers

Case Study on Best Buy Fight Against E-Waste †Free Sample

Question: Case study on best buy fight against e-waste. Answer: Introduction: Best Buy is a largest consumer speciality electronics retailer within its sector through the United States since 40 years of its inception founded by Richard Schulze with the vision of People, Technology, And the pursuit of happiness. This case study focuses on the history, its growth and expansion stories, vision and the actions taken by the company to turn the vision in reality. An analysis is done on the programs by company, environmental initiatives and challenges faced to sustain the dominance in consumer electronics market. Its an ideal example of economic growth along with environmental growth by the company (Serenko Bonntis, 2009). Overall both the concept has been undertaken by the company in a strong manner. Best Buy is seen engaging in the continuous process of improvement by supporting sustainability. The use of eco-friendly practices into several facets has helped largely in cost reduction by reducing energy consumption and recycling of e-waste. Company also started selling energy saving products which helps customers to save money and helps environment. Series of energy star product comply the US Standards has been launched by the company from refrigerators to printers which are cost effective and sustainable that gives the company a competitive growth. The inclusion of recycling products business has given a new direction to the company and its operating on large scale is also cost effective to the company the sales of the company has touched new heights in a very less time due to a positive effect on peoples mind as they were now paid for recycling their products which were worthless before (Giesler Veresiu, 2014). The partnerships with resellers to sell good conditioned products gave the company a new dimension. Best Buy has been working on continually improving customer service. Its Greek Subsidiary provides a 24 hours on-site service at home or via internet in its signature style. This has attracted more loyal customers and has improved customer satisfaction. Best Buy always believed in giving back to community by various programs in the areas of education and technology. This has increased education and skills by usage of technology within. This has done a positive change on the mind of society and has helped in the brand building (Mcdaniel, 2011). The growing e-waste was a concern for the employees and consumers so best buy has started recycling program named Best buy consumer electronics recycling program. Under this program company recycles the product regardless of its condition or brand and helps consumer to recycle the product or get a way to recycle their product if its not done by best buy by printing a shipping address of the site where such recycling is done. Company quotes a price for recycle from product info and in return customer gets a Best buy gift coupon or cheque if offer is accepted. Later the service even grew to pick-up for large appliances and exchanges. This dedication of resources by Best buy towards recycling has made a great positive change in the environmental health by reduction in gases, emissions, energy savings some less damaged products can also be resell by fabricating properly company splits the profits with partners from such products. Manufacturers works with greater responsibility in product design by new and innovative recycle friendly designs for e.g. Dell. Lighter recycle products are also on demand (Weiss, 2009). But like every coin the other side of this model is the cost of handling large electronics like televisions which requires money and time and are comparatively less recyclable. Company feels that this has made reputation of company as more sustainable and ethical company which attracts more customers improves reputation and bottom-line (Christoph, 2013). Performance of company has also improved on Dow Jones Sustainability Index for second year in row. Impact of the social responsibility efforts on various stakeholders is seen as follows: Employees: Best Buy fully understands the need of the talented and dedicated staff to resolve varied and complex consumer issues so it invests heavily in staff training. Company hears to its employees by various online forums and also emphasises on diversity training of employees by organising various events. Monetary benefits are timely distributed to employees in form of incentives and flexible job sharing. Shareholders: As the reputation of the company improves the index measures also upgrades giving a more wealth creating opportunities for the company as a whole. Company believes in giving back to the society where it operates (Goodstein, 2011). Consumers: Best Buy views itself as a customer-cantered organization. Company encourages its customers to give feedbackratings on its website and invites them to various leadership meetings in order to get a better outlook on their needs. Company has also heard the demand of its customers by publishing a Corporate Social Responsibility Report so that they can come to know about the work of company in the area of sustainability. It has worked on improvement of service by on-site service in matter of hours by its special squads. All this has lead to increase in market share of Best Buy and has an edge in marketplace. Suppliers: Suppliers must adhere to the companies Suppliers Compliance Standards and ensure its compliance for ethical and sustainable practices. Human rights audit has been conducted to curb violation of workers rights by suppliers (Goodstein, 2011). Conclusion: Best Buy has been the market leader in dealing with significant sustainability problem. It has developed itself as a key link in the business of supply chain of electronic products. Its innovative business model and the will to create a differentiation have made it focused towards its vision this work has been recognised by the stock exchanges and award juries. Policy of giving back to the society has made it a trusted brand and has attracted many more consumers (Douma Hein, 2013). This past work has made Best Buy more accountable and responsible towards maintaining the high ethical standards towards community and stress upon the conduct that is essential for future course of action. References Christoph, L 2013, Handbook of the Philosophical Foundations of Business Ethics, Heidelberg/New York: Springer. Douma, S and Hein, S 2013, Economic Approaches to Organizations, London Giesler, M Veresiu, E 2014, Creating the Responsible Consumer: Moralistic Governance Regimes and Consumer Subjectivity, Journal of Consumer Research, vol. 41, pp. 849867 Goodstein, E 2011, Ethics and Economics, Economics and the Environment, Wiley Mcdaniel, C 2011, Theology of the Real Economy, Journal of religion and business ethics, vol.2, pp. 22-56 Serenko, A. and Bontis, N 2009, A citation-based ranking of the business ethics scholarly journals, International Journal of Business Governance and Ethics, vol. 4, no.4, pp. 45-68 Weiss, J. W 2009, Business Ethics: A Stakeholder and Issues Management Approach With Cases, Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning.

Technology Should Be Used To Enhance Not Replace Human Intelligence

Jocasta from Oedipus the King - Jocastas Monlogue

Jocasta from Oedipus the King - Jocastas Monlogue This dramatic female monologue comes from the Greek play Oedipus the King, Sophocles’ most famous tragedy. Some Necessary Background Information Queen Jocasta (Yo-KAH-stuh) is one of Greek mythology’s most ill-fated characters. First, she and her husband King Laius (LAY-us) learn from the Delphic Oracle (a sort of ancient fortune teller) that their newborn child is destined to kill his father and marry his mother. So, in the play’s first attempt by characters to outwit Fate, they pierce their baby’s ankles to bind them together and leave the child out in the wilderness to die. Little does Jocasta know that a kindly herdsman saves her child. The baby is called Oedipus (ED-uh-pus) – which means swollen ankles - by his adoptive parents, King Polybus (PAH-lih-bus) and Queen Merope (Meh-RUH-pee) from the  nearby city-state of Corinth. When Oedipus grows up, completely unaware that he was a â€Å"foundling,† he learns of the  prophecy that claims that he will commit both patricide and incest. Because he believes that this prediction applies to Polybus and Merope, the parents that he loves, he quickly leaves town believing that he can avoid that terrible fate. This is the plays second attempt by a character to outwit Fate. His escape route has him heading towards the city of Thebes. On his way there, he is almost run over by the chariot of an arrogant king. This king just happens to be King Laius (Oedipus’s biological father). They fight and guess what? Oedipus slays the king. Prophecy Part One fulfilled. Once in Thebes, Oedipus solves a riddle that saves Thebes from a monstrous Sphinx and therefore he  becomes the new king of Thebes. Since the previous king died in an incident of ancient road rage, which for some reason no one ever connects to Oedipus, the current queen Jocasta is a widow and needs a husband. So Oedipus weds the older but still beautiful Queen Jocasta. That’s right, he marries his mother! And over the years, they produce four children. Prophecy Part Two fulfilled – but almost everyone, including Oedipus himself, remains unaware of all of the thwarted efforts to trick Fate. Just prior to the monologue below, news has arrived that the king Oedipus believes to be  his father has died – and it was not at Oedipus’s hand! Jocasta is exceedingly pleased and relieved, but Oedipus is still bothered by the second part of the prophecy. His wife tries to ease the fears of her husband (who is also her son – but she has not figured this out yet) in this speech. JOCASTA: Why should a mortal man, the sport of chance, With no assured foreknowledge, be afraid? Best live a careless life from hand to mouth. This wedlock with thy mother fear not thou. How oft it chances that in dreams a man Has wed his mother! He who least regards Such brainsick fantasies lives most at ease. In another translation of the same monologue translated by Ian Johnston. (Locate Line 1160.) This translation is more modern than the one above and will help you understand the heightened language. (Its also worth looking through this version of the play for additional monologues by Jocasta.) Many Freudian scholars have paid particular attention to this short dramatic monologue. Read up on Freud’s Oedipal Complex and you will understand why. Video Resources Here is a short, animated version of the story of Oedipus the King. This video tells the story of Oedipus in Eight Minutes.

Karim rashid Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Karim rashid - Research Paper Example Karim Rashid is a designer by profession whose current base is New York where he owns a design studio. He deals in all the above mentioned designs and is a world renowned figure for that. In this field of design the basic rules that govern it are quite liberal as the art industry is. It is the artist who comes up with the designs that suit the images or messages that they wish to relay. The rules and regulations that govern art as are not as strict like those that govern the sciences. Karim Rashid actually has a degree in Industrial Design which set pace for his success in the designing industry. He is an Egyptian from Cairo where he was born in 1960 (Karim Rashid. 2010). In course of his work Rashid has come up with over 3000 designs in total and has scooped over 300 designer awards world over under different design categories that he is involved in as mentioned earlier. Some of the awards he has won are in relation to interior designs of restaurants like Marimoto, Semiramis hotel among others. He has also had awards from exhibitions for Audi Company and Deutsche Bank. Although the industry is tough in terms of securing clients, Rashid has been able to plough a good number of them and in fact of high caliber and stature. Example of his clients are Audi, Korea, Axe Lab, USA, Casamania, Italy, Cysone, Peru, Cupid Jewels, Singapore among others which are giants in their own right within the sector they operate in, in their respective countries. This is another indication of how huge a designer he is on international terms (Karim Rashid. 2010). Currently the designer is working on a various projects that he intends to showcase in the coming Milan Furniture Fair. In this collection he intends to bring on board bathrooms for Axia, Caleido and Hellos, a Corian conceptual house, Dibi doors among other related furniture and interior design items. He is also working on a sex-toy shop in Berlin which shall be owned by Fun Factory. He says that

Network Infrastructure Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Network Infrastructure - Term Paper Example For instance, if an asset requires a security control that costs more than the asset value, the controls are discarded and alternate cost justified countermeasures are implemented to ensure all identified vulnerabilities are addressed and taken care of. Furthermore, the justified cost along with the appropriate use of technical excellence, network configuration, network products, security appliances, applications, and support will deliver value to the organization. For ensuring business continuity, redundant data connectivity links and alternate configurations are performed within each connectivity hub for addressing network service downtimes. For addressing network scalability, next generation network (NGN) supported hardware is considered for ensuring significant cost savings. Therefore, due to all these benefits, stakeholders can trust us for value delivery and better Return on Investment (ROI) for the budgeted amount. DNS Scheme For a new DNS scheme, a new zone should be configur ed on the internal DNS server that may resemble every domain of the organization. Likewise, configuring the zone on the internal DNS will allow the network administrator to manage and make it redundantly distinct. The configuration of the following zones must be performed: Woodgrovebank.com Asia.woodgrovebank.com Emea.woodgroovebank.com However, for addressing the requirement of establishing zones on external DNS server, only one domain will be configured, i.e. woodgrove.com, as it is the only domain that maintains and holds external records. Moreover, a replica of domain DNS zone will be maintained at every hub site. However, the central hub site for each domain will maintain a replica of DNS zones of other domains. Hub Site Zones New York WoodgroveBank.com Emea.WoodgroveBank.com Asia.WoodgroveBank.co

Currently Israel controls Palestinian water, what rights does Israel Research Paper

Currently Israel controls Palestinian water, what rights does Israel have to manage water crucially needed or the Palestinian people - Research Paper Example rael has recently reconfirmed its intention to implement the decision of the Local Israeli Assembly for Organization and Building to give a piece of land from the Hadera area to build a desalination plant for the benefit of the Palestinian Authority†¦The Palestinian Water Authority (PWA) [...] states that the Palestinian side is unwilling to purchase water at such a high cost from sources that are on the Mediterranean Coast and Jordan River, knowing that this water in fact partially belongs to the Palestinians but is inaccessible for them. (EMIS) If the Palestinians do not want water, what is their agenda? The agenda is Palestinians want to expel Jews from Israel. They believe that Israel should be Palestine, despite the military victories giving Israel more land. The Gaza Strip is a very small area of land with a total area of only 360 square kilometers (roughly 150 square miles — ed.). It is underlain by a shallow aquifer, which is contiguous with the Israeli Coastal Aquifer to the north. Gaza is the â€Å"downstream user† of the Coastal Aquifer system, and hence water abstraction in Gaza does not affect Israeli water supplies†¦In addition, missile strikes and ground incursions have repeatedly damaged and destroyed pipelines, and maintenance personnel have been arrested, shot at, or even killed whilst trying to carry out repairs†¦Inadequate sewage treatment infrastructure and damage to wastewater and drinking water pipelines has allowed sewage water to contaminate drinking water supplies, leading to sharp increases in water borne diseases in many areas†¦Failure to control over-pumping has led to sea-water intrusion into the aquifer to the extent that, in 2003, only 10 % of the wells produced water of World Healt h Organization (WHO) drinking water standards. (Gray) For another, Israel has never â€Å"helped itself† to water â€Å"beneath Palestinian lands.† Israel obtains roughly 50 percent of its water from the Sea of Galilee and the Coastal Aquifer, both

Ryanair business strategies and implications for Human Resources

Ryanair business strategies and implications for Human Resources This report covers the implications the business strategies proposed by BBAMBI consultants will have on the Human Resource Management (HRM) function of Ryanair. The strategies proposed by BBAMBI were to improve customer service, build the brand, and increase revenue and reduce costs. The implications these strategies have on the HRM function are managing the change associated with the strategies, training of customer facing staff, and introducing an effective performance appraisal system throughout the organisation. For Ryanair to maintain economic primacy in the budget airline sector they must be able to successfully manage the recommendations listed above. Introduction BBAMBI Consultants conducted an analysis of the external environment for Ryanair in order to consider strategies for future business operations. BBAMBI have suggested a number of strategies for immediate implementation and made recommendations for longer term strategies. The short term strategies included improving customer service, developing the company brand, and increasing revenue and reducing costs. The strategies which were more involved were recommended to be put into effect over a longer term were becoming more environmentally friendly and developing into other transport markets. The strategies have significant implications for Ryanairs Human Resource Management (HRM) function and this report will critically review these implications. The primary implications are change management, training, and implementing a more effective performance appraisal. Managing Change The report has identified some of the changes that will face Ryanair in the next few years due to the change in strategy. According to the CIPD, people management and development professionals have a significant role to play in any change management process. HRs involvement in various aspects of change can make the difference between successful and less successful projects (CIPD, 2009a). A number of issues have been addressed in the literature as having a negative impact on change management. Resistance to change is the main issue with individuals or groups possibly engaging in acts to block or disrupt an attempt to implement change. Evidence suggests that that this can be reduced by involving those it will affect in the decision making process. Individuals who have been involved in the diagnosis, planning, devising and implementation of change are more likely to feel positive about it (Marchington Wilkinson, 2008). 2.1 Lewins Three Step Model HR and management can plan for the changes at Ryanair by implementing Lewins three-step model of unfreezing, moving and re-freezing. By looking at change as a process with distinct stages the organisation can prepare and plan to manage the transition (Marchington Wilkinson, 2008). Lewins model attempts to analyse the forces (driving and restraining) that impact on change. The model offers advantages in planning for organisational change by providing a simple approach to making and sustaining change (McCarty, 2007). Limitations of the model are that it does not take into account personal factors that can affect change. The model also assumes that organisations operate in a stable environment (Burnes, 2004). (Millet, 2004) The first step in the process of changing behaviour is to unfreeze the existing situation or status quo. It is necessary for HR to try and overcome the strains of individual resistance and group conformity. To prepare employees at Ryanair for change, HR and management need to build a trust and recognition for the need for change (Kritsonis, 2004). The second step in the process is movement where employees will begin to resolve their uncertainly about the changes. A method that HR can use in assisting employees in the movement stage is to persuade employees that the status quo is not benefiting them (Kritsonis, 2004). The final step attempts to re-freeze or create acceptance for recent changes, to replace old beliefs with new ones. If this step is not taken it is likely that employees will revert back to the equilibrium (Goode, 2008). An action that HR can use to reinforce the new values is to include them in policies and procedures (Kritsonis, 2004). Training Development Ryanair needs to be able to improve customer satisfaction to gain a competitive advantage over their main competition, easyJet. Training of customer facing staff is vital for Ryanair to be able to successfully improve customer satisfaction, retention, and loyalty. Despite being costly, training of staff will improve upon customer satisfaction as many studies have shown (Aragon-Sanchez, et. al, 2003, pg. 961). Studies have found that the number of customer complaints significantly decreased after implementing training of customer service staff (Office Depot, 2006). In developing the training further, Ryanair should conduct a Training Needs Analysis (TNA) before implementing an on-the-job training and coaching programs for their customer facing staff. 3.1 Training Needs Analysis Learning Plan A TNA will assist Ryanair in determining any skills gaps their customer facing staff have in relation to their job requirements and current performance (Marchington Wilkinson, 2008). A TNA study will not only highlight where skills gaps exist, but should also determine the cause and solution (Stetar, 2005). During the TNA the organization should consider means other than training to achieve their desired results as many practitioners highlight that training is not necessary in every situation. (Marchington Wilkinson, 2008) (Stetar, 2005). Following on from the TNA report Ryanair should produce a learning plan, which will focus on the clear aims and main objectives which they are trying to achieve through the further training of staff. (Harrison, 2005,p122). For Ryanair the general aim is to improve customer service. A well planned training initiative may act as an enabler to Ryanair in achieving the business strategy and objective of increasing customer satisfaction (Tannenbaum Wo ods, 1992). 3.2 Training Ryanair need to pursue follow on training from their induction process. It has been noted from a previous study conducted by Kinnie (2000) that it is not just induction and technical training, but employees ongoing investment in workplace activities which enhances their training and skills (Kinnie, et. al, 2000 cited in Redman Wilkinson, 2009). It is believed that focusing on on the job training is the most effective means of training (Marchington Wilkinson, 2008). On the job training could also include coaching or mentoring. The CIPD (2009b) surveyed coaching within a variety of organisations and just over half described coaching as a learning and development intervention and the rest suggested it is used for organisational development and change management. Coaching has also been said to assist in improving weaknesses, tackling underperformance, and improving productivity. (Marchington Wilkinson, 2008). Despite training being an additional cost for Ryanair it may prove to achiev e enhanced customer service, leading to an increase in customers, and therefore higher profits, as many studies have shown that training of customer service staff results in higher customer satisfaction (Aragon-Sanchez, et. al, 2003, pg. 961). After the implementation of on-the-job training Ryanair will need to evaluate the effectiveness using the Kirkpatrick model of reaction, immediate, ultimate, and analyzing the return on investment (Marchington Wilkinson, 2008). The most applicable means of measurement for Ryanair is the ultimate level, which measures the strategic impact of training on the organization (Marchington Wilkinson, 2008). To measure the impact Ryanair should compare the number of previous customer complaints to the number of complaints after the training commenced. 3.3 Barriers to Learning There are however disadvantages to training and development from an organisational point of view. Some barriers to training include cost, time, lack of resources, lack of line manager support, lack of awareness of potential benefits and employee motivation, and fear of trained staff being poached by competing companies. (Cannell, 2008). Many companies compete on cost, just like Ryanair, and training is seen as an unjustifiable wastefulness and too costly (Bach Sisson, 2000). Therefore, Ryanair may be hesitant to implementing further training. Ryanair are a low cost, no frills airline and therefore need to keep all costs to a minimum. Furthermore, the fear of trained staff being poached could also be utilised as an excuse for Ryanair to not increase their training budget as trained staff might leave for a more lucrative competitor. Performance Appraisal 4.1 360 Degree Performance Appraisal It is suggested that all staff at Ryanair undergo 360 degree performance appraisal, with customer appraisal forming part of the 360 degree feedback for front-line staff. 360 degree feedback would allow the performance of those staff involved in each different strategy (customer service, branding, revenue and costs) to be monitored and managed more effectively. 360 degree feedback allows performance to be viewed from different perspectives and increases self-awareness (Armstrong Barron, 2004). Maybe et al (1998) state that one difficulty with 360 degree feedback is that the employee may attempt to manipulate the process, although this can be mitigated by expanding the number of people who are appraising the member of staff. Customer appraisal, in the form of mystery shopping and customer surveys, has been established as one of the ways to improve customer service in the strategic analysis and will expand the number of appraisers involved in the process. This report reinforces the value of the use of this technique and it is proposed that it is an extremely effective way to monitor the level of customer service provided as it is evaluated at the boundary between the Company and the customer (Redman Wilkinson, 2009). Mystery shopping has been criticised as a cynical way for employers to spy on their employees (Cramp, 1994). However, Erstad (1998) states that mystery shopping should instead be viewed as a well-elaborated plan which serves as a management tool for improving customer service as well as enhancing human resource management. A well developed mystery shopping programme that is effectively linked to reward and incorporates training can result in improvements in customer satisfaction by up to 20% (Parker, 1988). According to Dorman (1994), Mystery shopping should not be punitive and employees who fail the shopping task should be provided with training until customer service improves. The proposal suggests that customer service data should be obtained at set intervals through the use of customer surveys. Customer surveys can be effectively used as part of customer appraisal and are now being used more frequently (Redman Wilkinson, 2009). 4.2 Implementing Performance Appraisals Performance standards and objectives should be prepared and communicated by the employees line manager (ACAS, 2005). Marchington Wilkinson (2008) propose that training to develop analytical skills, review information collected and to provide effective feedback may be necessary. Performance appraisals should occur throughout the year and be a continuous process (ACAS, 2005). The performance appraisal process should be continually reviewed in order to ensure that it working successfully (IRS Employment Review, 2003). According to ACAS (2005) the success of implementing 360 feedback appraisals depends on the culture of the organisation and how carefully it is introduced. 5.0 Conclusion It is clear that the proposed business strategies will have significant impact on Ryanairs HRM function. In order for Ryanair to maintain its competitive advantage, the HR function will need to consolidate these factors and have the flexibility to meet the challenges they engender. In doing so, the HR function will shape the culture of the organisation in such a way that will allow the other changes to take effect. Ryanair need to effectively manage the change required in implementing the proposed business strategies as they will involve introducing further training and a new performance appraisal system. Introducing further training and new performance appraisals is vital in this shift in culture and the reciprocal relationship between both will lead to the opportunity for Ryanair to achieve the proposed business strategies of improving customer service, building the brand, and increasing revenue, and reducing costs.

phonics :: essays research papers

PHOÂ ·NICS Phonics is the basic rules for translating written symbols into sounds. Emergent readers and writers should understand that there is a relationship between letter patterns and sound patterns in English (the alphabetic principle), and eventually develop an awareness of the separate sounds in words. Without the recognition of words, there would be an incomplete foundation for constructing meaning. Phonics, along with other the use of context, word parts, syntax, and automaticity enables a reader to recognize words. Learning the basics- relationships between letters and sounds- enables children to decode words they have never seen before. As this process becomes more automatic, it releases children’s attention to the higher-level activities involved in comprehending the text’s meaning. Children will use phonics along with the context and syntax of the text, the illustrations, and the words they recognize automatically. The most effective and efficient phonics instruction focuses on children’s attention on noticing letter/sound patterns in the major components of syllables: that is, on noticing the letter/sound patterns in initial consonants and consonant clusters and in the rime, which consists of the vowel of a syllable plus consonants, such as –ake, -ent, -ish, -ook. Students should not see the rules as fundamentals but rather as a way to note patterns within words. For example, the silent final e is not always consistent, but knowing about it does help the reader note the pattern. Rules should not be taught for recitation. When children have a context in which to learn the code system, instruction of phonics is most successful. Children who have been exposed to print during the early child development years have a solid foundation for learning to read. For children lacking this foundation, activities such as listening to stories, shared reading of Big Books, and matching print in nursery rhymes on charts provides them with a context of what reading and writing are and the uses that sound letter knowledge might have.

A Taste of Honey How does Shelagh Delaney present the changing factors of Jo’s character? Essay

In this essay I am going to be looking at the play a taste of honey and looking at the factors of Jo’s character. This play was written in 1956 the writer Shelagh Delaney was only a teenager when she wrote this play Helen and Jo are mother and daughter and they live in tatty flats. Helen meets a man named peter and they get married. Helen leaves goes to live with peter. Jo meets a boy who is in the navy. They spend Christmas together Jo gets pregnant and the boy leaves. Jo meets another boy called Geof and they set up home together. Geof is bisexual. Helens marriage breaks up because peter goes off with a younger woman. Helen comes back to and moves back in and get rid of Geof and he leaves and then it is mother and daughter again In the play Jo is the main character as she is always present in the play. In the play Jo meets Jimmy who is the father of her child and she also meets Geof who is bisexual and they have a relationship, Jo also has relationships with her mother Helen. Jo and Helen doesn’t get on well with each other and Helen leaves Jo at home when she goes out in the play a lot happens too Jo her mother leaves she gets pregnant, she lives with a bisexual and her mother returns Thought out the play Jo’s character changes at the start Jo is critical as she says to her mother â€Å"your knocking them back worse than ever† she is capital and organised as she says â€Å"I hate to see an un-shaded electrical light bulb I will put my scarf around it†, â€Å"im not just talented im jeanious† When Jo meets peter her character changes she becomes as she says â€Å"she’s jealous† she says this because she is jealous of her mother. Jo becomes quarrelsome when she says â€Å"I can’t bear to see me being affectionate with anyone† Jo also becomes annoying. When her mother Helen leaves Jo becomes resentful of her mother as she says â€Å"you don’t half knock them back these days† this is her being resentful of her mother. Jo is also hurt as her mother has left her when she says â€Å"you like to leave me alone† she says this because she does not want here mother with her because she has hurt her. When her mother leaves she also feels unloved by her mother. Jo changes again when she meets Jimmy she becomes flirtatious when she says â€Å"I love you† and when Jo says â€Å"I can’t resist myself†. Jo also becomes coy when Jo says â€Å"it’s my school girl complexion† and â€Å"anything might happen† Jo also likes attention because she did not get any love of her mother. Jo also says to Jimmy â€Å"you enjoyed it as much as I did† she says this because she is getting the attention she wants. Jo character changes again when she meets Geof she becomes insulting my calling him â€Å"a big sister†. Jo also becomes cynical â€Å"it’ll always be number one by itself† and becomes frightened when she is heavily pregnant, she is frightened when she says â€Å"I don’t want this baby I don’t want to be a woman†. When Jo’s mother Helen comes back she gets rid of Geof this is when Jo is in labour and becomes less assertive when she says â€Å"are you coming back† Jo becomes resigned â€Å"by baby will be back† she becomes less assertive when she can’t argue back when she is in labour. Shelagh Delaney uses dramatic devices to show the changes into Jo’s character, the first one I am going to write about is Conflict and fights that take place between all characters; there are quarrels between Helen and Jo there is also quarrels and fights between Jo and Peter. When Jo physically attacks peter this is because he is taking her mother away from her. Helen and Jo have had another argument about Helens engament to peter. There is also conflict between Helen, Jo and Geof when they argue about the care of Jo. When Helen and peter are about to split up there is arguments’s between them. It is to avoid conflict that Geof leaves to avoid conflict as he is very selfless. In the play there is a lot of contrast there are love scenes juxtaposed with quarrels with Helen and Jo; Helen and peter and which Jo and Jimmy where they say â€Å"Will you marry me† and â€Å"I love you† and Helen shows love to Jo â€Å"why don’t you lie down† which is another love hate relationship In the play there are two very different people Jo is frightened, Critical, Determined and insecure; Helen is Selfish, bossy, neglectful, and disorganized. There are also 3 different men who visit the flat they are Peter who drinks, insults, and is homophobic; Geof who is bisexual, caring, supportive, and hard working; and finally there is Jimmy who loves, immature, persuasive, and reliable. In the play there is a use of music and dance, each character is introduced with some music can suggest aspects of there character the music gives a surreal effect and can help gives the time gaps in the play Use of dramatic unities is clear unity of place is shaven when everything in the play is in of near the flat people visit the flat, and leave. The only person who stays in the play the whole way thought is Jo. The unity of time is clear when in the play everything happens in a year Jo moves from a school girl to a working loving partner into a loving relationship to a parent. The unity of action is shown when the play comes full cycle. It is cyclical that Helen and Jo are alone in the flat and the cycle of deprivation continues but there is a new life on its way. Jo mirrors Helen in that they have both a failed relationship. In the play the use of language reveals the factors in which cause Jo to change; there are insults between the characters. There is also a use of expletives like â€Å"Silly Bitch† and â€Å"little bastard† and â€Å"sour faced old bitch†. The educated language of Helen shows her using impressive vocabulary like when she says â€Å"The only conclusion I can find in your immediate presents is your ultimate absents†. Jimmy also has an educated language as he has knowledge of Shakespeare. The social conclusions manifest aspects of Jo’s character. Poor housing is clear in Jo’s character; Jo lives in a small 1 bed-roomed flat and it has a shared bathroom with the other flat. The flat is in Manchester and it is by the ship cannel which is polluted; the flat is also by the gas works which smells, this means that the cost of housing in the area is low. Helen has a low income as she is a prostitute and Jo has 2 low paided jobs. Geof has a student grant from the government and he makes clothes for the baby as it is cheaper than buying them. Helen is a prostitute she properly became a prostitute because she might have had no money and she also had a child to support.

Reading the Sopranos

What has Carmela ever done for Feminism'? Introduction Feminism in a simple definition refers to women's movements, and feminism is a subject that is on going which has become a forum for debate in relation to television and film. My main focus will be feminism in the television series ‘The Sopranos' which will be used as a case study to examine the theory of feminism plus psychoanalysis and how it's inflicted on the screen.An academic book that I have selected will allow me to approach feminism in ‘The Sopranos' and I have also picked a certain chapter room the book â€Å"Reading The Sopranos' Edited by David Leaver, chapter 3 What has Carmela ever done for Feminism'? Carmela Soprano and the Post-Feminist Dilemma. This book will allow me to tackle the issues on feminism and psychoanalysis by using the case study and relevant examples.Feminism is seen as a form of defending women's rights and making them equal with men, and Carmela attempts to oppose this on Tony by stat ing that she's not asking for fifty/fly Just some support, â€Å"I'm not saying fifty/fifty, but Jeez† (Leaver, 2006. PAP). Carmela might blame Tony for the way she is Just a mother and housewife. Although if we look at this from a Marxist point of view they suggest that it's not about men, it's about the upper class. They are the reason for inequality and the reason why women and men are oppressed. Doesn't anything ever change? â€Å", Carmela isn't happy with the way things are she's indirectly implying she wants more a career, to be able to work, although can't have it because of her husband. Carmela Soprano isn't asking to be the same as Tony, however Just some rights to give her a break, she contradicts herself as states she's no feminist but wants some rights. Carmela doesn't trust feminism that much as she relies on her husband, and has been dependent on him and doesn't know what to do.She finds herself in a confusing position in terms of her life style as feminism ha s been given an unpleasant label by the media institutions makes her feel weary whether she should be a feminist or not. Carmela superficially strongly rejects that feminism is an elitist practice but she secretly inside believes that it is an elitist practice, the reason she rejects this is because she knows she will never be that so finds comfort in rejecting. That's why here is a slight envious feel for her daughter, Meadow who might Just be on her way to her mother's dreams.Psychoanalysis developed by Sigmund Freud is the behavior of people, the drives of the unconscious. Tony and Carmela often suppress things and let them slide through to the unconscious suppressing their emotions. Psychoanalysis asserts that the lead to the development of adult emotional problems. (do in my own words and relate it to Corpsman feminism psychoanalysis) In ‘The Sopranos' we are presented with different types of women in regards to feminism.To some degree women are vital in demonstrating and driving the reiterative forward, as without them the concept changes in terms of genre and other aspects such as storyline as it will Just be a bunch of criminal men. Feminism has always been a key factor in such gangsters films such as ‘The Sopranos', ‘Godfather' (1972) directed by Francis Ford Copula, and ‘Godlessly' (1990) directed Martin Scores including many more as women play a crucial role as they reveal the men's persona away from the criminal, adulterous activities in their daily lives.Carmela Soprano married to Tony Soprano is aware of Tony's activities that he undertakes with his fellow friends, including his business that consists of a strip club named â€Å"Bad Being†. Tony is involved in what would be called organized crime and adultery, which Carmela knows about, however it seems that Carmela is refusing to accept what Tony does yet she doesn't refuse the lifestyle as well as money considering where it comes from.She attempts to balance the b ad aspects of her life by doing charitable deeds for friends, the priest, however she ends up contradicting herself. When she indirectly threaten a women (name, episode and series) to write a commendation letter to a college for her daughter, Meadow. ( quote from the book) Gangsters films compose of a similar narrative that is driven by set codes and conventions. Films that are similar to ‘The Sopranos' are ‘LA confidential',goodwill's' and the ‘Godfather' they all share similar qualities when talking about feminism.Having read the book based on Carmela Soprano, she appears as a confused character that isn't too sure of what she wants, she's an indecisive person. Carmela is in compromise as she chose this lifestyle, â€Å"but Carmela is no victim† (Leaver, 2006. PAP) there's no doubt about that she's not a victim. Carmela appears as a victim, although everything she does she does willing and with thought behind it.

Free Essays on Ludwig Van Beetoven

Beethoven was born in Bonn. His father’s harsh discipline and alcoholism made his childhood and adolescence difficult. At the age of 18, after his mother’s death, Beethoven placed himself at the head of the family, taking responsibility for his two younger brothers, both of whom followed him when he later moved to Vienna, Austria. Beethoven’s music is generally divided into three main creative periods. The first, or early, period extends to about 1802, when the composer made reference to a â€Å"new manner† or â€Å"new way† in connection with his art. The second, or middle, period extends to about 1812, after the completion of his Seventh and Eighth symphonies. The third, or late, period emerged gradually; Beethoven composed its pivotal work, the Hammerklavier Sonata, in 1818. Beethoven’s late style is especially innovative, and his last five quartets, written between 1824 and 1826, can be regarded as marking the onset of a fourth creative period. The celebrated Symphony No. 5 in C minor op. 67 from 1808 is the most thematically concentrated of Beethoven’s works. Variants of the four-note motif that begins this symphony drive all four movements. The dramatic turning point in the symphony-where a sense of foreboding, struggle, or mystery yields to a triumphant breakthrough-comes at the transition to the final movement, where the entrance of the trombones reinforces the music. Beethoven uses here a large-scale polarity between the darker sound of C minor and the brighter, more radiant effect of C major, which is held largely in reserve until the finale. The series of gigantic masterpieces of Beethoven’s third period include the technically demanding Hammerklavier Sonata, completed in 1818, about which he correctly predicted on account of its challenges that â€Å"it will be played fifty years hence,† and the Diabelli Variations. The latter work for piano transforms a trivial waltz by Viennese publ isher Anton Diabelli into an ... Free Essays on Ludwig Van Beetoven Free Essays on Ludwig Van Beetoven Beethoven was born in Bonn. His father’s harsh discipline and alcoholism made his childhood and adolescence difficult. At the age of 18, after his mother’s death, Beethoven placed himself at the head of the family, taking responsibility for his two younger brothers, both of whom followed him when he later moved to Vienna, Austria. Beethoven’s music is generally divided into three main creative periods. The first, or early, period extends to about 1802, when the composer made reference to a â€Å"new manner† or â€Å"new way† in connection with his art. The second, or middle, period extends to about 1812, after the completion of his Seventh and Eighth symphonies. The third, or late, period emerged gradually; Beethoven composed its pivotal work, the Hammerklavier Sonata, in 1818. Beethoven’s late style is especially innovative, and his last five quartets, written between 1824 and 1826, can be regarded as marking the onset of a fourth creative period. The celebrated Symphony No. 5 in C minor op. 67 from 1808 is the most thematically concentrated of Beethoven’s works. Variants of the four-note motif that begins this symphony drive all four movements. The dramatic turning point in the symphony-where a sense of foreboding, struggle, or mystery yields to a triumphant breakthrough-comes at the transition to the final movement, where the entrance of the trombones reinforces the music. Beethoven uses here a large-scale polarity between the darker sound of C minor and the brighter, more radiant effect of C major, which is held largely in reserve until the finale. The series of gigantic masterpieces of Beethoven’s third period include the technically demanding Hammerklavier Sonata, completed in 1818, about which he correctly predicted on account of its challenges that â€Å"it will be played fifty years hence,† and the Diabelli Variations. The latter work for piano transforms a trivial waltz by Viennese publ isher Anton Diabelli into an ...

Article Review- info enclosed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Article Review- info enclosed - Essay Example The fire fighters and Hazardous material (Hazmat) response teams who reached the scene evacuated about 200 students from the building. It took some time for the Hazmat team to organize its decontamination set up after which they entered the building for the clean up process. The team reported that less than 1 ml of the chemical had spilled inside the lab and that the spill occurred only within the lab. However due to the hazardous nature of the chemical it took some time for the clean up process to finish and the spill was neutralized at about 5 pm. The surrounding premises were closed for safety reasons between 3 and 5 pm and classes in the building were also cancelled. It was only after the cleanup was complete students were allowed back inside the building. The prompt reporting made by the researcher immediately after the spill was crucial for the quick rescue and cleaning up process. In addition, putting the chemical container under the exhaust hood prevented further spill and inhalation of the chemical, which could have led to serious consequences if inhaled. These steps followed by the researcher without getting panicky are noteworthy. It would be a good example for other students to follow the procedure incase such incidents occur again. The Hazmat team also did a commendable job given the fact that the chemical was potentially hazardous if inhaled accidentally. The neutralization of the spill was carried out by careful planning by the team and only after the entire safety set up was in place in order to avert any mishap during the clean up. The entire process of the rescue operation was done in a planned and efficient manner due to which there was no injury reported. The fact that the Hazmat team performed the set up without any hurry is an indication of their commitment and dedication to the work as any job done hastily without prior planning would not

Research For Marketing Practitioners Assignment

Research For Marketing Practitioners - Assignment Example About half of the dishes are made up of ethnic dishes, for instance Chinese and Indian, indicating an interest in exotic tastes, but some of the recipes are made up of Continental recipes, such as Italian. Italian ready meals are made up of pasta which has a healthy image and attractive to children and students. The vegetable-based ready meals sector is also growing and attractive to students. This is followed by the fish-based and then the meat-based. Considered health foods are primarily made up of vegetables and fish. The UK has been hailed as the most developed market in Europe when it comes to chilled ready meals. (Dennis and Stringer 2000, p. 14) In 1994, chilled ready meals had a per capita consumption of 1 kg., compared to Germany’s 0.3 kg, France’s 0.2 kg and Spain’s .1 kg. In other words, the potential for chilled ready meals is great in the UK and if this is reflected in Europe, it has great future potential for business venture. (Dennis and Stringer 2 000, p. 14) Pizza sales registered a high growth of 10% during the period 1994-97. Manufacturers wanted to stimulate more demands for pizzas by introducing various flavours and in exploiting consumer’s growing love for exotic tastes. ... Mixed salads with new varieties of leaves have also been introduced to the craving palates of students. Manufacturers have introduced sandwiches, a favorite feature of student snacks. The British Sandwich Association released statistics stating that sandwiches have been hailed as the most popular fast food in the UK. It has a market of ?3.25 billion and fast growing at a rate of 13% annually. Sandwiches have been reported to represent 41% of the fast food sector, while burgers only represent 18%, and fish and chips only represent 12%. Sandwiches are a favorite snacks meal for the British, with the UK having the world’s highest per capita consumption of sandwiches. And this is true for men, women and children. (Dennis and Stringer 2000, p. 15) This paper is a proposal to outline a research programme to test a range of meals amongst the student population in the UK. The client is focusing on selling low value/medium quality product ranges, and is particularly interested in the m arket for consumers on limited incomes.  Ã‚   Their product consists of a range of nutritious, but reasonably priced ready meals – individual and paired servings – and is targeted on the UK student population.  Ã‚   2.0 Research Objective The purpose of this paper is to determine the growing demand of ready meals from the UK student population and to determine what particular dishes they require for snacks, lunch and dinner. For this company to meet its goals, it is essential that the food shall be tested by the students in a specific university which has been identified by the client. The university is a popular institution of higher learning with a very large population and can represent the student population in London. This research will determine

This Book is not Required Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

This Book is not Required - Essay Example As well, the authors of this book - all of whom are incredibly qualified and respected - critically discuss the ever so important matter of how academic life distinguishes between that of learning the institutional roles of higher education, combined with that of the matter of internalizing these particular rules. Furthermore, this book has many quality features included, such as real-life student vignettes that are completely honest and which perfectly address that of actual issues that are facing college students in the world today, and as well there is an overt encouragement of a participatory college education and personal reflection for students in regards to that of various different disciplines. In order to truly understand a literary work such as this, you truly need to divulge into the core parts of the book, and in this case that would refer to the concepts that are included: concept 1, and concept 2. Concept 1 is incredibly important, and it actually helps in several different ways, in particular by helping to explain what is actually going on in the book, and it truly involves the matter of encouraging students to educate themselves by doing several things, one in particular being to call their attention to that of the personal, social, intellectual, and spiritual demands and opportunities that are offered by the college life in general. The second concept is one which basically further describes the first one, however it is one which more so describes that of the impact of the college life, how it affects the students, and what they should do in order to make the matters that they deal with in college life more applicable to that of everyday life. Both of these concepts are extremely important, and truly are what makes this book such an essential read to students and the public in general, and applying these two concepts to the book truly helps you to understand it better overall, and in many different regards at that. This can be proven by the fact that this book is one which was actually revised by actual college students, and this was under the direction of Bernard McGrane, who is one of the authors; this helps not only to make the book actually true, but also to give a perspective that will be precise rather than assumed, thus allowing the aimed age group to truly be able to understand and familiarize with the matters of this book as a whole. The text in this book is given in an incredibly personal and refreshingly is it able and does truly take the critical discussion of academic life and then distinguishes it properly so that it is literate and understandable for the readers; which is favorable because it allows the readers because they will be more interested in something that they can relate to as opposed to something that is intolerable or not understandable or recognizable. One of the most influential chapters of the whole book

Egypts Position on the Arab Israeli Conflict Essay Example for Free

Egypts Position on the Arab Israeli Conflict Essay one. The Kingdom was from this time ruled as one by several dynasties. . This state which was formed in On 18 June 1953, the Egyptian Republic was declared. (Breasted Piccione, 2001). The 18th Dynasty however is the one that marked the kingdom as an international in the period circa 1550 and 1070 BC. Egypts strategic geographic position which gave it control over the Suez Canal attracted the French and the British who sat in its cabinet and controlled the Suez and to a great extend the entire country during the late years of the 16th century (Breasted Piccione, 2001). The British later colonized Egypt after the first world wear. It was the treatment the brutish gave the Egyptians that caused a revolution which ended up with Egypt being declared an independent state in 1922. Because of the remaining presence of the British and the monarchy form of ruling, more revolutions took place and ousted the resulting to the declaration of Egypt as a republic in June 1953. Egypts ideologies are mostly based on the Islamic religion as all its leaders since it became a republic have been Arab Muslims (Al-Azmeh, 1993). Egypt ideologies are based ion internationalism where it tries to have the best diplomatic relationships with all countries internationally. Egypt unlike other Arab countries deals well with the western countries and has a good relationship with Israeli, a country the rest of the Arab countries detest. The country also believes in nationalism and socialism where resources are distributed and intended to be owned by the people and not just few individuals in the country (Al-Azmeh, 1993). The country has tried to establish democracy in its politics allowing the citizens to choose their own leaders. This has not been very successful as there still are reports of leader rigging elections. In the worlds politics, Egypt takes a moderate position, tries to be fair to both the western and the Arab nations. Egypt mainly aims at building its international image. Egypts foreign policies have always been moderate. The country has a great influence on political matters in both Africa where it is situated and the Middle East because of its diplomatic expertise, significantly large population, military strength and its geographical position which is very strategic (Embassy of Egypt, 2009). I n the recent decades, Egypts foreign policies have aimed at enhancing the countrys relations both regionally and internationally by supporting structural reforms, liberalization in social economy and global economy integration which are perceived to be the best measures to employ in achieving full economic development. Egypts was in support of the Declaration of Principles treaty as they interpreted it to be supportive of their ideologies ion what would bring a lasting peace to the Middle East. The fact that the declaration transferred power over west bank and Gaza was in accordance with Egypts belief that the withdrawal of Israel from Palestinian Territories was the key to a lasting peace (Brown, 2004). Egypt thus responded by doing what was expected of it during the agreement as they believed that the declaration would bring a lasting peace if both sides kept to their side of the bargain. The Declaration of Principles required Egypt to help the two nations in cooperating so as to achieve the peace that was longed for in the Middle East. Egypt also supported the declaration as it included maintenance of security though by only Israel. Egypt has always believed that security was vital for peace hence supported by helping provide police officers and passports to the Palestinian citizens as was required by the agreement. Countries such as Iran, Israeli Settlers and Syria did not participate in the agreement as they did not believe that the peace would last. Others thought that the agreement was a threat to them and did not want it to succeed. Most of these nations also are Islamic and view Jews to be a threat to their religion hence were hesitated in supporting the peace talks. Most groups believe that DOP process stopped in 2000 which could be true as the events that are currently happening violate the agreements made. Egypts foreign policies are also committed to ensuring that a lasting peace which is comprehensive can come to the Middle East. It does so by being involved actively in the efforts that that can achieve the peace. Egypt for example was the first Arab nation to sign a peace treaty with Israel, a move which caused Israel to be expelled from the Arab League (Embassy of Egypt, 2009). The treaty required Israel to completely withdraw and retreat from Sinai in 1979 in exchange for peaceful normal diplomatic relations according to which Israeli honoured and withdrew. The two countries have since then had good diplomatic relations that are peaceful (Embassy of Egypt, 2009) Egypt believes that peace can only come to the Middle East if the efforts being made are comprehensive at making Israeli withdraw from the Palestinian territories it has been occupying that prevent the creation of an independent Palestine. Egypt also believes that Israel has to recognize and respect Palestines political rights in the controversial Jerusalem. Egypt has therefore been at the forefront in constantly assisting the partners negotiating in the peace process towards applying the Israeli withdrawal for peace to be achieved (Embassy of Egypt, 2009). Egypt also believes that it is possible for stable peace to be achieved between Israel and Palestine if mechanisms can be adopted that would ensure that security is maintained by both parties so that one party can not take advantage of its economic and military superiority to attack the other party. Egypt proposes the region to be freed from weapons of mass destruction in order to enhance security and reduce attacks on each other (Embassy of Egypt, 2009). Egypt further explains that a framework that would ensure regional cooperation needs to be established as it would enhance peace stability and benefit the individuals in the region. As discussed above, Egypt believes that there is possibility for potential future peace agreement which may be solely between Israel and the Palestinian because the disruption of peace in the entire Middle East is attributed to the conflict between the two nations. The conflict between Israel and other Arab nation is also a result of the conflict between it and Palestine. Solving the conflict between Israel and Palestine thus is the answer to bringing peace in the Middle East. Egypt advocates for peace between the two nations and want it be such that security is maintained in the two nations and that they are both disarmed of any weapons of mass destruction. Egypt believes that it is lack of security and presence of the weapons that encourages the two nations to attack each other. Egypt also advocates for the establishment of a framework as discussed earlier that would enhance cooperation between the two nations towards promoting peace stability that will be beneficial to the people I n the region (Brown, 2004). If a peace conference was held today, Egypt would still support a peace deal between the two nations. Egypt supports a two state solution just like the United States does (Asharq Alawshat, 2009). This is because Egypt believes in bringing a comprehensive and lasting peace to the Middle East. Following the most recent attacks on the Gaza strip by Israel which left hundreds of Palestinians dead, and the persistent occupation of Israel in areas that are rightfully Palestinians, Egypt would want a peace deal to be reached in which Israel must retreat and withdraw from occupying these areas so that Palestine can become an independent state as it was before the Israel occupation of its territories (Asharq Alawshat, 2009). Egypt will not accept either Israel or Palestine to own weapons of mass destruction as this would easily trigger another conflict in the event a peace agreement was reached. This is so as to stop the two nations from carrying on attacks and bombings on each other. Egypt would also not accept the deal if Israel did not withdraw from the Palestinian territories it currently is occupying. Egypt would offer diplomatic support as it always has in reaching a peace deal between the two nations (Brown, 2004). Egypt would be ready to act as a mediator between the two nations as they negotiate as it has good relations with both of them. Egypt believes that Israel should recognise Palestines rights regarding Jerusalem, during the peace conference, it would advocate for the recognition to be included in the terms of the final peace deal as Jerusalem is important to Palestine just as it is to Israel. Egypt wants a lasting peace in the Middle East and would do everything it can to help achieve it. Word count: 1500 References Al-Azmeh, A. (1993). Islams and Modernities. New York: Verso. Asharq Alawshat. (2009). Latest News. Retrieved 109th May 2009 from, http://www. asharq-e. com/. Breasted, J. Piccione, A. P. (2001). Ancient Records of Egypt. Chicago, Illinois : University of Illinois Press. Brown. C. L. (2004). Diplomacy in the Middle East: The International Relations of Regional and Outside Powers. New york, NY : I. B. Tauris. Embassy of Egypt. (2009). Political System. Derived 19th May 2009 from http://www. egyptembassy. net/

Royal Mail Group: Human Resource Structure

Royal Mail Group: Human Resource Structure The Royal Mail group belongs to the UK government. It is a public limited company which has seen lot of success in past years. The degree of success was clearly reflected in the account of its annual turnover.Inspite of its success in the past, Royal Mail group have also witnessed higher degree of competition through its years. As it is not the time when King Henry (eight) established Royal Mail back in 1860s, it was very much necessary for the company to grow with the new advancement and sophisticated technology. The strategy they made and implemented was restructured according to the new level of demand and necessity of their customers. It was in 2006 the company first introduced the online postage system in which the customers can pay online. The stiff competition from the competitors sided by the change in status of the monopoly which the company have enjoyed before 2006 weakened the strength of the company. Modernisation was a major necessity to defend the pressure of competitio n from the competitors but company was not able to procure much fund for restructuring. Company have seen deficits in pension funds too. In 2003, a part of the Royal Mail group was privatised. In 2006, about 14 private operators were allowed to participate in the working of the company. HUMAN RESOURCE STRUCTURE An organisation should hold the unique strength of efficient recruiting which steps it out to a new level of development. It should involve group co ordination sided by developing leading power and talent. Innovative ideas should be given room for development and should create an environment to develop that culture. As this sort of organisation requires lot of effort from their staffs to stick on to their strict time lines, HR management should be the top priority management agenda. A company with good reputation helps it to attract the cream of the labour market. Identification of the core requirements by the Royal Mail enabled them to frame a new set of HR strategies from 2005, HR management in Royal Mail is mainly divided into 3 functional areas. It worked with People and Organisational Development Services. The organisation mainly focused on developing the prior HRM skills such as leadership quality, diversity and developing the organising talent. Business partners were the HR managers and they were assigned to different business locations. Combining with the strength of HR strategy, Royal Mail believed that they can reap the benefits of identification of the areas where the improvements should be made. Current state of the organisation can be closely studied with evidence based HR management approach. Employee assessments have been made and their performance was made into account. The findings were as follows which turned to be the organisations HR strategy; HR functions should include some hard skills relating to finance. It is essentially a quantitative aspect of human resource management.HR manager should be successful in knowing the operations which is being done in an organisation. This focuses mainly on calculative aspects.HR manager should prove his credibility in business development too. He should have the ability to manage the employees in a rational manner. Basic HR function should posses some soft skills which is essentially a qualitative aspect of human resource management. It is mainly confined with employee feedbacks, assessing works and reporting their performance. Good leadership is an essential characteristic of soft skill. Good communication with the workers boosts the relationship of manager to the workers to a great extent. Soft skills help to achieve higher work motivation and commitment. Congruence or a state of agreement should be present in the organisation as the workers in the Royal Mail should be fully content with their positions. MODE OF RECRUITMENT The criteria used by Royal Mail organisation for selecting a suitable candidate are as follows; Through advertisements job vacancies are communicated. Each job has a reference number. In Royal Mail website, using this reference C.V can be uploaded. If the reference number is unknown then candidate can search through and find out the suitable post to apply. If there is no job available at a certain point of time, provision for dropping of email id is given as when such vacancies are open, candidates are communicated through mail. It is cheap, focussed and quick mode of selection. By this method applications are selected, screened and interview is conducted by HR managers for recruitment. Human resource strategies developed by Royal Mail organisation was subtle. Professional development is given more importance with the effective use of business tools and technical skills. Hence training of the employees is done and performance is monitored. Performance appraisal is regarded as one of the top agenda of HR management. Training is structured in such a way that it includes class room training, seminars, teaching and the specialised coaching of encouraging the employees to understand their potential and hence upgrade their skills. They have given many supports and services like performance related pay bonuses and pension scheme. They have failed in the implementation of strategies due to the following reasons; Pressure from the trade unions. Deficits in pension fund. Bad communication. lack of fund to pay salaries. Inefficiency in managing work force. Redtapism EMPLOYEE BENEFIT RELATED ORGANISATIONAL FUNCTION To improve the commitment and psychological satisfaction of the work group, monetary considerations were channelized in such a way that it improved the motivation and role perception. Employees are given opportunity to pursue academic study which is seemed to be helpful for their position. They are paid in their study leave too. Financial support is given for the study. Independent support is provided by the organisation for health of employees in relation to the job, traumas, debt etc. Employee consideration was taken into account while framing the HR strategy. As one of the topmost organisation in UK, employees got discounts and offers in a wide range of products and services. The Royal Mail is located in easy location which helps the employees to come to work very easily.While working, some roles are paid shift allowances and mostly in flexible hours. Pension plan was developed and employees were made to contribute. Based on contribution, employee pension was paid by the organisation. After joining the Royal Mail, an employee is entitled to 4.5 weeks paid holidays per year and 8 bank holidays for the first five years.Option for purchasing extra holiday is given to employee to raise the entitlement upto 6 week maximum. By framing this sort of relaxation avenues, employees are likely to be more productive in work life devoid of stress. Flexible timing is developed by the organisation in which the employee can choose the timings as it allows them to adapt the time to meet their family needs too. The remuneration for the employees was not a standard one as per employee reviews as there was protest from the part of union regarding pay, modernisation and conditions in the organisation. Apart from the HRM core issues, secondary issues like health and safety, employee welfare etc should be taken into consideration while framing the HR strategies of the organisation. For gaining good competitive advantage, the satisfaction of employees should be reaped and this should be attached to the corporate plans while framing a HR strategy. Royal Mail was not very successful in reaping these benefits due to inefficient strategy formulation and lack of finance. For example: deficits in pension fund made the existing employees very much concerned about their future in the company. Belief in the organisation tends to decline which resulted in lack of motivation and commitment to work. Employee relation based on expectation and understanding failed. CHANGES IN HR PLANNING Human resource is the vital component of an organisation. The approach taken for the implementation of HRM should be adapted according to the business environment rather than a traditional defensive mode taken by the Royal Mail organisation as before. According to the economic view of implementation of human resources, Labour input cannot be measured purely in terms of workers employed in a particular job. It is not at all necessary that the labour input is directly proportional to the quantity produced in a production scenario as there is law of diminishing returns. To acquire the full efficiency of human resources in the organisation, there was some HR planning put into effect in 2005.The organisation was very successful in reducing the money spend on human resources by fifty seven million pounds in just 2 years. It was framed as a part of business transformation which included reducing absence rates, slashing head counts in HR etc.There was a significant improvement in HR to employee ratio from 1:75 to 1:130. HR planning was fruitfully implemented in the area of education sided with training and improvement in sickness absence. A three point plan was framed to prevent inefficiencies and introducing HR business partners into each area. The job description development and person specification is found to be the unavoidable part of HR planning. The repetition of tasks were monitored and prevented. A central shared service was created which brought all the experts towards the head office human resource team to point on strategies. The HR structure was restructured with business partnership and management change. In 2008, the Royal Mail organisation has become the toughest arm by employing 200000 plus workers. RIVALS AND COMPETITION Royal Mail was facing competition for many years. Counting from DHL , TNT the Royal Mail organisation has got a long list of rivals. Common complaints about the Royal Mail organisation were the unsatisfaction with the delays of the couriers, very short working hours, low level of customer service and unplanned delivery without a proper tracking system. The competitors in the field utilised these drawbacks and worked on it to made it as their main advantage. They concentrated in building up a business structure which was mainly build upon the basement of customer satisfaction and identification of their need. The work force in the company was trained and developed in such a way that the blend of HR ideas reflected in their working. Group coordination and subtle implementation of business strategy made them more powerful in capturing the market share more easily. Many of large organisations were looking for a better service provider so that their package are delivered in a better and s afe way. This became a concern to Royal Mail. For example, TNT managed to get high profile esteemed customers like Centrica and BT within a short span of just 6 years.It is continuously investing more funds in the sorting and processing technology. The Royal Mail have introduced the online stamp systems as a part of modernisation but the studies on customer reviews made it clear that the idea was subtle but the steps or the procedures involved in the purchase process is horrible. Improper implementation of ideas also counts very bad in the world of business. As now TNT handles more than 270 million items in a month and it is looking for more efficiency by building up a centralised distribution hub. As in the case of Royal Mail, a well established organisation which have a good history is still working on to improve its efficiency in all aspects of its working. Developing a competitive work force was the only solution for Royal Mail to raise from the edge of disaster. New HR strategies were framed and the focus fall upon the workforce. The need of transformation was identified and HR was a priority for them. Recruiting was done to get the competitive work force and training was given to them to make them adapatable to the changing environment. Expert team was employed to know the weaknesses. The main weakness which was figured out was the lack of customer focus and the dissatisfaction of them derived as a result. WITHSTANDING RIVAL COMPETITIONS The quality of work and the scaleability of costs were discussed among the executive committee. The pressure of competition was well known by the Royal Mail groups. To better their current position the trade off between the quality and efficiency were pointed out in the organisation and greater care was invested to perform the task specifically by taking into consideration the scopes and the risk involved in the business. It was leadership which was given importance to asses and develop operational managers. As a reform to introduce more technical tools, a computer based operational organisation simulation was set up.It identified the needs for development and the steps needed for improving the existing plan or replace the current plan with some other advanced plan. Next step was the design of leadership workshops which involved mainly scoping the identification of the current market situation and industrial relation for this time.Changes in the business plan of Royal Mail sided by the change in the management approaches and their practical implication was pointed out. These steps which were taken provided the foundation of the approaches they have taken later. Knowledge about the business and its new scope has to communicated with the managers. Inspite of great competition and regulation, the need for the managers to become more creative and make them ready to face the challenges was necessary. The operation manager played an important role in the management structure. They are actual backbone of performance. For stimulating high performance in the organisation, more concern was given to capability of the managers. Further concern was focussed on whether they are able to work with the surroundings if they are good in doing their job in high standard. So the need of making the workers more supportive with group coordination was also given attention. New performance standard was set up through lot of research and assessment. The prority was given to regain the operational control.they were investing their time to get the best output. Assessment is often a tough task in a management structure. There are various tools and methods to find it out. However, the Royal Mail was very much careful in the process as it wanted to be fit for the purpose and should involve realistic time demand both for the people involving in assessment and the people who asseses. The final step was to develop a selection process to fetch new managers as per vacancies. The key qualities was identified and developed. Performance appraisal was well designed to assess the performance level too. Some sort of changes in approach taken by organisation were as follows, Protection of the universal service   The need of the customers was taken into consideration and covered issues which ranged from the services provided to customers, its affordability to them the quality of service through efficient use of human resources. Market analysis investigation of existence of any failure in operation of organisation. Regulatory safeguards Giving more concern to the necessary protections for the people and the other companies in the same field. OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE Royal Mail made a performance improvement programme which was sponsored by its management and union. Root cause for the operational failure was closely analysed and studied. Based on the studies new methods and approach which has to be used in the three years programme to put in track the new action plans jointly by the Royal Mail group and the union to contribute to greater performance in the working. Training the internal project teams in the working process was made to build up models for efficient working. Strategic HR solutions was developed in the organisational development, learning and managing talent, development which gives light to business plans. Front line managers, staffs and union members were involved in the business meetings. This contributed to make the employees feel like they are the vital part of organisation which in turn boosted their commitment to the organisation and greater motivation level in working with the group. A new corporate strategy function was created and implemented. This mainly involved: coaching of directors. Planning and integration in the strategic programmes conducting capability testing on a pilot basis in divisions of management. Creating more realistic and practical approach to alter the working in various division. EFFECT OF RECESSION Royal Mail had seen a dramatic down trading in its business in the country. Customers began to abandon the first class post as it was not affordable in recession. Even the Royal Mail organisation had admitted the truth. The recession trends shown the volume of customers sending letters began to shrink at a steady rate or switching on from first class services to second class postal services. The situation had become even worse as the customers were switching on to emails and internet based social networking sites. In addition to the chaos created by the strikes, the recession made the organisations position even worse. However a combination of modernisation which accounted in cost reduction and slight price changes sided by good product mix helped the company to increase its profit. As the company was undergoing a very tight financial position, it was not possible to increase the wages. The reward system existed at the time was unlikely to change. In 2008, the mail market in United Kingdom fell by eight percent. Royal Mail was intending to cut up 16, 000 jobs as a part of huge cost cutting plan. Quality of service of the organisation would be hampered by such a plan. WITHSTANDING RECESSIONS EFFECT Royal Mail organisation planned to raise the price of the first class and second class stamps. Another important decision was to cut down the middlemens commission. These decisions were prone to pressure from four walls which made the condition of organisation even worse. The recession had given opportunities for organisational development in the company. The professional development was made possible. Flexibility and the knowledge of the employees was boosted. Training was given to employees at the time of recession so that they got time for skill updating. Many new developed sorting machines were introduced by which more than eighty percent of the mail were sorted automatically. Modernisation was given priority which resulted in installation of intelligent letter sorting machines. New technology was introduced to sort more A-4 sized mail which also included magazines and some catalogues. Hand held scanners were introduced which recorded the confirmation of delivery within a short span of time. Reading of bar codes of special delivery was made possible with these scanners. As a part of nurturing development Heathrow world wide distribution centre was set up which involved high technology facility for the mailing services. The importing and exporting of the mail was done systematically removing the unsatisfaction of the customers which existed before. Flexible working hours was designed so that the workers get greater commitment to work as they get time for their family too. This enhanced their motivation level. SWOT ANALYSIS SWOT is the method used to evaluate the strength, weakness, opportunity and threat an organisation possess. SWOT analysis of Royal Mail carves out the following attributes; Strength Monopoly it has enjoyed for 350 years count its goodwill and brand name. Good location of organisation, good benefits package that is being provided to the employees. Weakness    Inefficient senior management, too much politics, bad communication, bad delivery, delay in delivery due to inefficiency, lack of control. Opportunity Lack of opportunity of business development in post mail market. The number of people depending on mail services decline at a faster rate. Threat High competition from strong competitors like TNT, DHL etc. Modernisation remained as a question mark as there were deficits in fund for paying salary and pensions. The financial position of the Royal Mail has become more worse in the time span of 2005 to 2010.It was in 2008, one of the high profile human resource director, Kevin Green walked away from the Royal Mail organisation. Previously it was Tony McCarthy. Lack of healthy interaction with the trade unions resulted in poor industrial relation. Every employee seeks to improve their returns from the organisation and when such promotional aspects are absent in an organisation it is more likely that the employee move from one organisation to another. This might be the thing what happened in Greens case. Privitisation of the Royal Mail has become a necessity as the mail volumes were falling at a faster pace, low investment, low efficiency and there was huge deficits in the pension fund too. In march 2009 the defecits in the pension had been figured around 10 billion pounds. At the time organisation had about 176000 employees. The sorting and delivery process were decided to be handled by a new independent firm.It was obvious that outside investors maintained majority of share and the rest was given as a share to Royal Mail staff. This was a good practical application of HR strategy as it helped the employees to work more efficiently as they have to work for their own company. CWU trade unions opposed the privatisation decision as they feared that the plan would devastate the services given by Royal Mail. The trade union was even more concerned about privatisation as there were possibility of job losses for staffs and more pricing for the customers. Still chaos continuous in the Organisation.